《学记》教学哲学思想体系初论

The Preliminary Discussion on the Teaching-learning Philosophy System of Xueji

《学记》不但提出切实可行的教学方法,而且凝练出教学的最高方法论——“喻”,形成以“喻”为核心内容的教与学的基本手段和方法,构建了以“喻”为基本要义的本体论、认识论、价值论的整体理论体系,使其成为集操作性和思想性为一体的方法论原则,具有人性、身体、自然、文化等的方法论特征。在具体的教学理论与实践中,《学记》形成以人文精神为核心的课程与教学观,其中包括以人文本原为内容的课程观、以人文互动为形式的教学观、以成己成物为核心的学习观、以修己安人为目的的教师观以及以群己关系为中心的评价体系。

Xueji not only puts forward the feasible teaching and learning methods,but also refines the highest methodology of teaching and learning—“yu”.From the perspective of genesis,“yu”contains the ontology of the relationship between all things,the epistemology of analogy from one thing to another,the axiology of the harmony keeping everything balance.Taking“yu”as the core methodology,Xueji forms the whole teaching-learning philosophy system including a set of operational principles and ideological contents,which embodies the characteristics of human nature,body,nature and cultivation.In addition,Xueji consists of the curriculum view of original culture,the teaching-learning view of interaction between people and culture,the study view of self-completion and helping others,the teacher view of self-discipline and stabilizing others and evaluation system which focuses on group-individual relationship.