大学生自我构念与自尊回忆主题特征的关系

Relationship between self-construal and self-esteem memories in college students

目的:探讨不同自我构念大学生在自尊回忆事件主题方面呈现的特点和差异。方法:选取3所院校的大学生218名,依据其在自我构念量表(SCS)的独立和互依2个维度得分中值,分为高、低独立构念组(n=102、104)和高、低互依构念组(n=105、101)。让大学生回忆并记录两件使自己自尊提升或降低的事件,研究者对事件进行主题编码,比较高、低独立构念组和高、低互依构念组自尊事件主题出现频率的差异。结果:大学生自尊回忆中浮现出能力和关系两大主题,能力主题出现在自尊降低回忆中的比例更高,而关系主题出现在自尊提升回忆中的比例更高(P<0.05),高互依构念组较低互依构念组在自尊提升记忆中会描述更多的关系主题(P<0.05),高独立构念组较低独立构念组在自尊提升记忆中会描述更多能力主题(P<0.05)。结论:自尊回忆事件主题的差异性提示,能力认可和关系和谐是影响大学生自尊的两个主要因素,不同自我构念的大学生会倚重不同因素促进自尊提升。

Objective:To explore the relationship between self-construal and self-esteem memory themes by probing into the autobiographical memories of college students.Methods:Totally 218 students from three universities were selected and required to complete Self-Construal Scale(SCS)assessment and the writing of self-esteem memories.They were divided into high and low independent self-construal groups(n=102 vs.104)by using the median independent self-construal score as the cut-off point.Likewise,they were divided into high and low interdependent self-construal groups(n=105 vs.101)by using median score on interdependent scale as the cut-off point.Their recorded memories were coded for statistical analysis.Results:Two major themes,namely competence and relationship theme,emerged from the recorded memories.The frequency of competence and relationship theme revealed significant difference in positive and negative self-esteem memories(P<0.05).High interdependent selfconstrual individuals reported significantly higher frequency of relationship themes and lower frequency of competency themes in positive memories than the low interdependent individuals(P<0.05).Likewise high independent self-construal individuals also revealed significant different theme pattern in their positive self-esteem memories(P<0.05).Conclusion:These theme differences suggest college students’self-esteem might be mainly affected by the two factors,namely,competence and relationship.Students with different self-construal would weigh competence development and relationship harmony differently in promoting their self-esteem.