母乳中维生素A的研究进展

Research progress on vitamin A in breast milk

维生素A(VA)是人体必需的微量营养素,在维持上皮完整、视觉发育、免疫、生殖功能、生长发育、脑发育等方面均有重要作用。尽管补充VA的公共卫生政策已经广泛推行,但维生素A缺乏(VAD)仍是全球发展中国家的重要公共卫生问题。对于纯母乳喂养的婴儿,母乳是其VA的唯一营养来源,母乳中VA水平究竟如何,是否满足婴儿需要,临床上如何补充维生素AD制剂等均存在一些争议,所以了解母乳VA水平、影响母乳中VA水平的因素以及VA的合理补充剂量很重要。为此,本文就母乳中VA的研究进展进行综述。

Vitamin A(VA)is an essential micronutrient,which plays an important role in epithelial integrity,visual development,immunity,reproductive function,growth and development as well as brain development.Although the public health policy of supplementing VA has been widely implemented,vitamin A deficiency(VAD)remains a significant public health concern in developing countries worldwide.For exclusively breastfed infants,breast milk is the only source of VA intake.However,there are currently some controversies about the level of VA in breast milk,whether it meets the needs of infants,and how to supplement vitamin AD in clinic.Therefore,it is important to know the level of VA in breast milk,the factors affecting VA level in breast milk and the reasonable supplementary dose of VA.To this end,this paper reviews the research progress on VA research in breast milk.