钨的辐照硬化效应

Radiation hardening effect of tungsten

钨因其高熔点、良好的高温力学性能等优点在核能领域有着重要应用,并且是目前最具应用前景的聚变堆面向等离子体材料。钨等核材料在辐照环境服役时,通常伴随力学性能的劣化,直接威胁到反应堆的运行安全。因此,开展辐照对钨力学性能影响的研究具有非常重要的意义。本文主要讨论钨的辐照硬化效应,首先介绍了钨独特的力学行为,之后从实验和数值模拟两方面综述了钨辐照硬化的研究进展,总结了辐照温度和剂量、塑性变形温度、晶粒度、织构等因素影响辐照硬化的规律。在此基础上,展望了该领域未来可能的研究重点。

Tungsten has important applications in the field of nuclear energy because of its high melting point and good mechanical properties at high temperature, and it is the most promising plasma facing material for fusion reactor at present. When tungsten and other nuclear materials are in service in radiation environment, they face the deterioration of mechanical properties, which directly threatens the safety of reactor operation. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the effects of radiation on the mechanical properties of tungsten. In this paper, the radiation hardening effect of tungsten is discussed. Firstly, the unique mechanical behaviors of tungsten are introduced. Then, the researches on tungsten radiation hardening are reviewed from experiment and simulation aspects. The effects of radiation temperature and dose, plastic deformation temperature, grain size, texture and other factors on radiation hardening are summarized. On this basis, the possible future focus in this field is prospected.