超蒸发强化换热面向等离子体部件的研究进展

Research progress of plasma-facing components with hypervapotron cooling concept

超蒸发冷却概念是目前最有前景的强化换热技术之一,能够承载20~30 MW/m^2的高热负荷。大型托卡马克如欧洲联合环(Joint European torus, JET)等装置均对超蒸发技术开展了大量的研发或应用尝试,同时国际热核聚变试验堆(International thermonuclear experimental reactor,ITER)偏滤器的穹顶(Dome)面向等离子体部件已经计划采用超蒸发强化换热的冷却结构。本文首先详细介绍了JET和ITER的超蒸发部件研发历程,然后,参考JET和ITER的设计,为中国聚变工程试验堆(Chinese fusion engineering test reactor,CFETR)设计了一种新型结构的超蒸发强化换热面向等离子体部件,并开展了部件制备工艺的摸索以及高热负荷测试,部件在高热负荷测试过程中表现出了优异的换热性能。

The hypervapotron cooling concept is one of the most promising enhanced heat transfer technologies at present, which can withstand a high heat flux of 20-30 MW/m^2. Large tokamak devices such as joint European torus(JET) have carried out a lot of research and development or application attempts on hypervapotron technology. At the same time, the dome plasma-facing components of the international thermonuclear experimental reactor(ITER) divertor have planned to adopt the hypervapotron enhanced heat transfer cooling structure. In this paper, the research and development of hypervapotron components of the JET and ITER are introduced in detail. Then, referring to the design of the JET and ITER, a new type of hypervapotron enhanced heat transfer plasma-facing components is designed for Chinese fusion engineering test reactor(CFETR). The preparation process and high heat flux test of the components are carried out, the results show that the components have excellent heat transfer performance in the process of high heat flux testing.