抑制黄曲霉毒素前体合成的芽孢杆菌鉴定及其抑制活性研究

Identification of a Bacillus Strain and its Inhibition Activity to the Synthesis of Aflatoxin Precursor

为了开发有效提高花生等农产品抗黄曲霉毒素污染能力的生物防腐剂,对已分离获得的一株生防细菌Hitwh-B05进行16S rDNA鉴定,并研究其防霉抑毒能力。结果表明,该菌株为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis),产生抗黄曲霉毒素有效成分的能力不受传代次数影响,可在广温度范围内产生抑毒活性成分,培养基最佳初始pH为6,抑毒活性成分产生的最佳培养时间为6 d,菌株发酵上清液经甲醇提取获得的抑毒活性/mL时,对降散盘衣酸(norsolorinic acid,NA)积累抑制率均达到84%以上,抑制效果明显优于双乙酸钠,对花生的防霉抑毒处理起到良好的作用,结果对提高农产品的防霉抑毒能力,从污染源头有效阻止霉菌侵染,降低毒素产生,并减少化学防腐剂对环境和人体的危害具有重要意义。

In order to develop biological preservatives that can effectively improve the resistant ability of peanut andother agricultural products to aflatoxin contamination, an isolated biocontrol strain was identified with 16 S rDNA andits anti-mold and anti-aflatoxin characteristics were studied. The results showed that it was aBacillus subtilis, theability to produce anti-aflatoxigenic effective components was not affected by subculture quantity. The fungi straincould produce antia-flatoxigenic effective components in wide fermentation temperature range. The initial pH value ofthe optimal culture medium for the strain was 6, and the optimal culture time for the generation of anti-aflatoxigeniceffective components was 6 d. The yield of anti-aflatoxigenic effective components extracted by methanol from strainfermentation supernatant was the highest and the activity was the strongest. The mold infection of peanuts indicatedthat the inhibition rate for norsolorinic acid(NA) accumulation reached 84% or more when 0.2 ~ 3.2 mg/mL anti-aflatoxigenic effective components were added, which was higher than that of sodium diacetate(SDA) used. The anti-aflatoxigenic effective components palyed good roles in the anti-mildew and anti-virus treatment of peanut. Theresults showed that the anti-aflatoxigenic effective components exacted fromB. subtilisHitwh-B05 improved anti-mildew and anti-virus abilities of agricultural products, and prevented the mildew and virus infection from the source.Its use can decrease the harm of chemical preservatives to environment and human.