二次铝灰工艺矿物学特性研究

Study on Mineralogical Characteristics of Secondary Aluminum Ash

二次铝灰因成分复杂且含有毒害组分,物质组成及堪布特性不明限制了二次铝灰的无害化处置和有价组分的资源化利用。本研究利用XRF、XRD、激光粒度、SEM-EDS等对山东某铝电公司的二次铝灰进行了工艺矿物学特性研究。结果表明:二次铝灰中主要含Al、Mg、F、Si、K、N等元素,Al组分含量达到约84.933%;二次铝灰中主要含铝物相有Al2O3、金属Al、AlN、MgAl2O4等。AlN、金属Al、Al2O3含量分别为18.13%、12.41%、25.89%,总的铝物相含量为56.43%。二次铝灰粒度细,且分布不均匀,d(0.1)为1.058μm,d(0.5)为37.544μm,d(0.9)为264.882μm;含铝组分主要为氧化铝、尖晶石和铝锰合金;铝的氧化物主要以粒状存在且粒度较小,铝镁尖晶石组分以针状存在,部分以粒状、放射状存在;铝金属组分以游离颗粒单独存在,部分与锰铁组分紧密共生,以合金的形式存在。含氟组分浸染在铝镁组分中,铁和硅等微量组分以合金态集中存在于二次铝灰中,钾组分含量较低且与铝镁组分紧密共生。

Secondary aluminium ash has complex composition and toxic components,which limits the harmless disposal and the resource utilization of valuable components because of its unclear composition and distribution characteristics.In this study,XRF,XRD,laser particle size and SEM-EDS were used to study the technological mineralogical characteristics of secondary aluminium ash from an aluminium power company in Shandong Province.The results showed that Al,Mg,F,Si,K and N were the main elements in secondary aluminium ash.Aluminum component was about 84.933%.Al2 O3,Al,AlN and MgAl2 O4 were the main aluminum phases in secondary aluminium ash.The contents of AlN,Al and Al2 O3 were 18.13%,12.41%and 25.89%respectively.And the total aluminium phase contents were 56.43%.Secondary aluminium ash had fine particle size and uneven distribution.The d(0.1)was 1.058μm.The d(0.5)was 37.544μm.The d(0.9)was 264.882μm.Aluminumcontaining components were mainly alumina,spinel and Al-Mn alloy.Aluminum oxides mainly existed in granular form and smaller particle size.Aluminum-magnesium spinel components existed in acicular form,partly in granular form and radial form.Aluminum metal components existed separately in free particles and some of them closely coexisted with ferro and manganese components and existed in alloy form.The fluorine-containing components were impregnated in the Al-Mg components,and the micro-components such as iron and silicon concentrate in the secondary aluminum ash as alloys.The content of potassium component was low,but it coexisted closely with the Al-Mg components.