炎陵县龙渣村5―14岁瑶族学生瑶语使用情况调查研究

A Study on Use of the Yao Language of the Yao Students Aged between 5 and 14 in Longzha Village,Yanling County

作者通过问卷调查、皮博迪图片词汇测试、半结构化自然语料收集、访谈等方式,对炎陵县龙渣村瑶族学校5―14岁瑶族学生瑶语使用情况进行了系统探究。研究发现,瑶族学生在社区范围内以使用瑶语为主,在学校以使用汉语为主,在家庭则以使用瑶语、汉语和当地方言为主;瑶族学生的瑶语词汇水平、平均话语长度等随年龄的发展呈现增长趋势,但低龄瑶族学生使用瑶语人数占比越来越少,低龄儿童母语水平普遍较低;语言环境、语言态度是影响瑶语使用状况的主要原因。

This paper investigates Yao language use of the Yao ethnic students from 5 to 14 years old at Longzha Yao Ethnic School with a questionnaire research,Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test,semi-structured natural recordings and interviews.Results show that the Yao ethnic students speak mainly the Yao language at community and Mandarin at school,whereas they speak Yao language,Mandarin,and their local dialect at home.The Yao language ability of Yao ethnic students,including Yao vocabulary level and mean length of utterance(MLU),shows an increasing trend with age.However,the number of young Yao students who use the Yao language is decreasing,so is the mother tongue level of the younger children.Language environments and language attitudes are the main factors that influence their use of the Yao language.