妊娠晚期孕妇B族链球菌实时荧光定量PCR检测结果分析

Analysis of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR detection results of group B Streptococcus in pregnant women in late pregnancy

目的应用实时荧光定量PCR(realtime PCR)方法检测妊娠晚期孕妇B族链球菌(GBS),了解妊娠晚期孕妇GBS的感染情况,为预防GBS感染提供依据。方法选取2017年1月~2018年12月我院进行GBS检测的10691例孕妇。采用realtime PCR技术对孕妇阴道分泌物或阴道-直肠分泌物进行GBS检测,并对检测结果进行分析。结果10691例孕妇中GBS感染阳性1466例(13.71%);阴道-直肠分泌物的阳性率(16.30%)高于阴道分泌物(9.18%),差异有统计学意义(χ^2=106.139,P=0.000);孕晚期>30~34岁组阳性率最高(15.32%),与≤20岁组阳性率(6.36%)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但与其他年龄组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);四季间GBS阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论应用realtime PCR方法对围生期孕妇进行GBS筛查时,同时采集阴道和直肠分泌物联合检测,能明显提高GBS的检出率。GBS在妊娠晚期孕妇中的感染率较高,应加强对孕晚期孕妇的GBS筛检,阳性者及时采取干预措施,降低新生儿GBS感染,改善母婴结局。

Objective To apply real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR(realtime PCR)to detect group B Streptococcus(GBS)in pregnant women in the late pregnancy,and to understand GBS infection in pregnant women in the late pregnancy,so as to provide a basis for preventing GBS infection.Methods A total of 10691 pregnant women undergoing GBS assay in our hospital from January 2017 and December 2018 were selected.GBS was detected in vaginal secretions or vaginal-rectal secretions of the pregnant women using realtime PCR,and the results were analyzed.Results Among the 10691 pregnant women,1466 women(13.71%)showed positive results in GBS infection.The positive rate(16.30%)of vaginal-rectal secretions was higher than that(9.18%)of vaginal secretions,with a statistically significant difference(χ^2=106.139,P=0.000).The positive rate(15.32%)was the highest in pregnant women aged>30-34 years in the late pregnancy,and presented a statistically significant difference from the positive rate(6.36%)in pregnant women aged≤20 years(P<0.05).No statistically significant differences were found in the positive rate between pregnant women aged>30-34 years and pregnant women with other ages(P>0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of GBS in pregnant women during the perinatal period can be significantly improved in GBS screening using realtime PCR and combined detection by collecting vaginal and rectal secretions simultaneously.The infection rate of GBS in pregnant women in the late pregnancy is relatively high.Therefore,GBS screening of pregnant women in the late pregnancy should be strengthened,and timely intervention measures should be taken in positive pregnant women to reduce GBS infection in newborns and improve maternal and infant outcomes.