两种限饲法对樱桃谷肉鸭生产性能、羽毛发育及经济效益的影响

Effects of Two Feed Restriction Methods on Growth Performance,Feather Development and Profit of Cherry Valley Duck

试验旨在研究两种限饲方法对樱桃谷肉鸭生长性能、羽毛发育的影响。选用792只樱桃谷肉鸭,公母各半,随机分为3组:对照组(T1)、采食量限饲组(T2)、限时饲喂组(T3),每个处理6个重复,每个重复44只肉鸭。T2组21~33日龄期间饲喂70%自由采食量,T3组21~33日龄期间11∶00~15∶00断食。33~46日龄恢复自由采食。记录采食量、20日龄重、46日龄重,测量羽毛长度。结果表明:①11~46日龄日增重、末重,T3组和T2组公鸭日增重、末重显著高于T1组(P<0.05),母鸭差异不显著(P>0.05)。②11~46日龄平均日采食量表明,公鸭T3、T2组显著高于T1组(P<0.05),母鸭差异不显著(P>0.05)。③T3公鸭饲料转化比显著低于T1组(P<0.05),T2组与T1组差异不显著(P>0.05)。母鸭饲料转化比T2组显著低于T1组(P<0.05),T3组与T1组差异不显著(P>0.05)。④公鸭前羽全长T3组显著长于T1组(P<0.05),而T2组显著低于T1组(P<0.05)。母鸭前羽全长、母鸭前羽叶长、母鸭后羽叶长分析T3组与T1组差异不显著(P>0.05),T2组T1组差异不显著(P>0.05),但T3组显著长于T2组(P<0.05)。其他各组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。由此可见,采食量限饲可以提高公鸭的末重和日增重,降低饲料转化比,而对母鸭的末重、日增重无显著影响,但降低饲料转化比,且采食量限饲会抑制公鸭和母鸭的羽毛发育;限时饲喂提高末重和日增重,同时降低饲料转化比,可明显促进公鸭和母鸭的羽毛发育。生产实际中采用限时饲喂效果更为理想。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different feed restriction methods on growth performance,feathers development of Cherry Valley duck. Seven hundreds and ninety-two ducks at 10 days of age were randomly assigned to 3 groups, control group(T1), feed intake restriction group(T2) and feeding time restriction group(T3), with 6 replicates per group and forty-four ducks per replicate. Every group had 3 male and 3 female replicates. T2 was fed 70% of ad lib. T3 was fasting at 11∶00 to 15∶00 form 21 to 33 days of age. The feed intake, body weight at 20 days of age, body weight at 40 days of age were measured. The results showed as follows: ① The daily gain(ADG) and final weight(FW) of male ducks in group T3 and T2 were significantly higher than those in group T1(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between female ducks(P>0.05). ② The average daily feed intake(ADFI) of 11 to 46 days of age in male in T3 and T2 groups was significantly higher than that of T1 group(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between female ducks(P>0.05). ③ The feed weight ratio(F/G) of T3 group was significantly lower than that of T1 group(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between T2 and T1(P>0.05). ④ The length of FF of male ducks of T3 were significantly higher than T1(P<0.05), and the length of FF of male ducks of T2 were significantly lower than T1(P<0.05). In conclusion, feed intake restriction could increase FW, ADG and reduce F/G of male duck.However, FW and ADG of female ducks were not affected by restricting the feed intake. Meanwhile, feed intake restriction could also reduce ADFI, F/G of female ducks. In addition, it could inhibit the development of feather. The feeding time restriction increased FW, ADG of ducks with F/G decreaing. Meanwhile, it could improve the development of feather. It′s recommended that feeding time restriction method was more suitable for duck breeding.