不同水平棉籽粕和菜籽粕对育肥期肉鹅生产及屠宰性能的影响

Effects of Different Levels of Cottonseed Meal and Rapeseed Meal on Production Performance and Slaughter Performance of Meat Goose at Fattening Stage

为探索棉籽粕和菜籽粕在肉鹅育肥料中适宜使用量,将28日龄扬州鹅随机分为4个组,每组3个重复,每个重复公母各20只,每组棉籽粕和菜籽粕等量使用,分别为0、3%、5%和8%。观测不同水平对扬州鹅增重、饲料转化比和成活率的影响,在70日龄每组选接近平均体重的公母鹅各10只进行屠宰性能测定,并测定胸、腿肌肉的干物质、粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量。结果显示:8%组的增重显著低于其他组(P<0.05),饲料转化比显著高于其他组(P<0.05),3%和5%组增重和饲料转化比与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);5%组增重饲料成本最低,每只鹅节约饲料成本0.46元;各组成活率差异不显著(P>0.05);8%组母鹅半净膛率、公母鹅全净膛率和胸肌率均显著低于另外三组(P<0.05),各组公母鹅屠宰率、腿肌率、腹脂率差异均不显著(P>0.05);各组胸、腿肌肉干物质、粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量差异均不显著(P>0.05)。研究表明:棉籽粕和菜籽粕各使用5%不影响育肥期肉鹅增重、饲料转化比、屠宰性能和肌肉化学成分。

In order to explore the suitable amount of cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal in goose fertilizer,28-day-age Yangzhou geese were randomly divided into four groups fed with the basal diet added the same amount of cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal of 0, 3%, 5% and 8% respectively. Each group had 3 replicates, and each replicate consisted of 20 males and females. To observe the effects of different additions on weight gain, feed conversion ratio and survival rate of Yangzhou geese, ten males and ten females at 70 days of age with average weight were selected from each group, and then slaughter performance, dry matter, crude protein and crude fat content of breast and leg muscles were determined. The results showed that the weight gain of 8% group was significantly lower than that of other groups(P<0.05), and the feed conversion ratio was significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05). The weight gains and feed conversion ratios of 3% and 5% groups were not significantly different from those of control group(P>0.05),while the 5% group had the lowest weight gain feed cost among the four groups, and saved 0.46 yuan for each goose.There was no significant difference in survival rate between groups(P>0.05). The semi-eviscerated weight rate of female geese, full-eviscerated weight rate of male and female geese, and pectoral muscle rate of male and female geese of8% group were significantly lower than those of the other three groups(P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in slaughter rate, leg muscle rate and abdominal fat rate between groups(P>0.05). The contents of dry matter, crude protein and crude fat in pectoral and leg muscle of each group were not significantly different comparing with each other(P>0.05). The results suggested that the addition of 5% cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal did not affect the weight gain, feed conversion ratio, slaughter performance and muscular ingredient of goose during fattening period.