高校海外分校建设现状、挑战与经验探析

International Branch Campuses in Higher Education: The Status Quo, Challenges and Experiences

近三十年来,高校海外分校在全球范围内取得了长足的发展,参与国数量和办学数量均稳步增长,形成了欧美国家主导输出、亚洲国家输入的格局。根据对已有研究和相关办学案例的分析,海外分校普遍面临着概念边界模糊、输出国政府缺位、招生压力、母校—分校冲突等跨文化挑战。中国尚处于输出海外分校的初级阶段,概念和标准不清晰、办学成效还未显现。作为应对,坚持国际标准—本土调适的理论范式,在实践中将这一理论范式转化为协调多方利益的质量保障机制,是海外分校可持续发展的共同策略。

In the recent three decades,international branch campuses(IBCs)have been expanding substantially with larger numbers of countries and universities involved.A pattern of Western-dominant exporting and Asian importing has gradually formed.Based on the depth analysis of existing research and IBCs cases,it is found that establishing IBCs is a high risky endeavor prevalently intertwined with the challenges of unclear orientation,less governmental support,competitive enrollment and home-host conflicts.As a country that newly strives to export,China is facing issues of the unclear definition and unseen effectiveness.To maintain a branch campus effectively,adhering to the theoretical paradigm of I-R,and creating aquality assurance mechanism that coordinates multi-party's benefits have been the most received principles amongst the participating countries.