二十四节气与气传致敏花粉及呼吸道过敏相关性研究

Correlation between twenty-four solar terms and respiratory allergy caused by airborne allergenic pollens

为研究上海西南部气传致敏花粉的全年变化规律和它与呼吸道过敏性疾病发病之间的关系,全年共收集58科各类花粉(3605个/cm^2);以及对应日期门诊就诊的过敏性疾病患者(4482人);以二十四节气为时间划分节点,对13个空气中有花粉漂浮的节气数据进行统计分析。结果表明:在春季的清明和谷雨花粉数量达到高峰,而在秋季花粉自白露后显著增加;过敏性鼻炎患者的数量与一定范围内的花粉数量呈现明显的相关性(r=0.410,P=0.033);花粉数量与不同性别的过敏性鼻炎患者数量间未见显著性差异(P>0.05);但是,花粉数量与过敏性鼻炎患者年龄间有显著性差异。总之,在清明、谷雨和白露等节气中,空气中飘散的气传致敏花粉数量较多,门诊过敏性鼻炎就诊患者数也相应增多,并且以中青年为主。

The aim of the study was to investigate the variation in annual scale of the airborne pollen in southwestern Shanghai and its correlation with respiratory allergies.Pollen belonging to 58 families and 3605/cm^2 in cumulative density were detected and 4882 outpatients suffering from allergic diseases sought medical assistances during the same period.Data analysis showed that high pollen densities were found from Pure Brightness to Grain Rain in spring and after White Dew in autumn.There was a significant correlation between the numbers of allergic rhinitis(AR)patients and the pollen(r=0.410,P=0.033).Moreover,significant difference was observed between the numbers of young adults and elderly AR patients while not between genders(P>0.05).In conclusion,the density of airborne allergenic pollen was high during Pure Brightness,Grain Rain and after White Dew of the year and the allergic rhinitis patients were mainly consisted of the young adults.