黑龙江部分地区中小学生尿微量白蛋白检测结果分析

Analysis of detection results of urine micro-albumin collected from schoolchildren in some areas of Heilongjiang Province

目的分析黑龙江部分地区中小学生尿液微量白蛋白(mALB)定量检测结果,探讨尿mALB含量的影响因素及其与血清ALB检测的相关性。方法收集黑龙江部分地区中小学生24 h尿液标本,使用Roche cobas c501仪器定量分析尿mALB含量,统计检测结果并进行处理,分析中小学生尿mALB与性别和年龄之间的关系。结果共纳入1171份尿液标本。163份标本的检测结果超过参考范围上限(20 mg/L),女性检测异常率明显高于男性〔17.78%(105/590)比9.98%(58/581),χ^2=14.916,P=0.000〕。在性别方面,女性标本的尿mALB明显高于男性(mg/L:5.5比4.0,Z=3.874,P=0.000);随着年龄的增长,尿mALB含量有所升高,11~18岁年龄段达到最高峰,然后有所下降,同时超过参考范围上限的例数(阳性率)也有所升高(6~10岁、11~14岁、15~18岁3个年龄段阳性率分别为7.74%、17.46%、20.68%,P<0.05)。尿mALB与血清ALB的相关性分析显示,两者相关性不明显(r=0.011,P>0.05)。结论中小学生尿mALB含量随年龄增长有升高趋势,且女性偏高于男性。尿mALB定量检测可为早期发现、诊断以及预防肾脏疾病提供重要依据,对超过参考范围的人群应定期复查,以便尽早排除疾病,或在早期控制肾脏疾病的发生发展。

Objective To analyze the quantitative detection results of urine micro-albumin(mALB)in primary and middle school students in some areas of Heilongjiang Province to approach the influencing factors of urine mAlb content and its correlation with serum ALB detection.Methods The 24 h urine specimens of primary and middle school students were collected in some areas in Heilongjiang province.The Roche cobas c501 instrument was used to quantitatively analyze the urine mALB contents of the students,the test results were counted and processed,and the relationships between the urine mALB results and gender and age respectively were analyzed.Results A total of 1171 urine specimens were included.The test results of 163 specimens exceeded the upper limit of the reference range(20 mg/L),the abnormality rate of females'urine mALB was obviously higher than that of males'[17.78%(105/590)vs.9.98%(58/581),χ^2=14.916,P=0.000].In gender aspect:the urine mALB quantity of female specimens was significantly higher than that of males'(mg/L:5.5 vs.4.0,Z=3.874,P=0.000);with the increase of age,the urine mALB content increased to a certain extent,reaching the peak at the age range of 11-18 years old,and then decreased to a certain extent;at the same time,the number of cases(positive rate)exceeding the upper limit of the reference range also increased(the positive rate was 7.74%at the age of 6-10,17.46%at the age of 11-14,and 20.68%at the age of 15-18 years,respectively,P<0.05).The correlation analysis showed that the correlation between urine mALB and serum ALB was not statistically significant(r=0.011,P>0.05).Conclusions The urine mALB content in primary and secondary school students increases with age,and it is obviously higher in female than in male.The quantitative urine mALB detection can provide an important basis for early discovery,diagnosis and prevention of kidney diseases.People whose mALB exceeds the reference range should be reviewed regularly to eliminate the disease as early as possible,or to control the occurrence and development of kidney disease at an early stage.