高寒地区露天矿无人机移动测量适用性研究

Study on applicability of unmanned aerial vehicle mobile survey of open-pit mine in alpine region

目前矿山测绘采用最多的是全站仪以及GPS-RTK动态测量技术,对于矿区中一些比较陡峭大坡度区域和深沟区域,测绘人员往往无法到达,在高陡边坡采集数据时也会存在测量安全隐患。此外,大型露天矿区开采范围大,开采水平多,单点测量需要大量的人力物力,不仅增大了劳动强度,还降低了工作效率。因此在伊敏露天矿测量验收中,采用的传统数据采集方式亟待改进,对于其测量验收方式的也需改变。为了满足高寒地区露天矿测量验收的实际需求,提出采用飞马D200作为飞行平台,利用D-OP200倾斜模块、飞马D200为飞行控制与管理系统的无人机整体解决方案,对无人机能否在高寒地区正常完成测量工作进行了现场飞行试验。在低温、大风、雨雪等特殊环境下的无人机进行了飞行试验,并对无人机移动测量数据进行采集与处理。结果表明:在伊敏矿区受各种恶劣天气交叉影响的条件下,全年仍有80%的工作日无人机可正常飞行作业;飞行测试中的单点误差均小于0.05 m,实景建模算量与实测采剥量的误差在5%范围内,满足矿方测量验收的算量精度。

Nowadays,total station instrument and GPS-RTK dynamic measurement technology are the most widely used in mine surveying and mapping.For some areas with steep and steep slopes and deep trenches in the mine area,surveying and mapping personnel are often unable to reach,and there will be measurement safety risks when collecting data on high and steep slopes.In addition,large-scale openpit mining area has a large mining range and many mining levels.Single point measurement requires a lot of manpower and material resources,which not only increases the labor intensity,but also reduces the working efficiency.It can be seen that the traditional data collection method used in the survey and acceptance of Yimin Open-Pit Mine is in urgent need of improvement,and the change of its survey and acceptance method is imperative.In order to meet the practical requirements of high altitude open-pit mine measurement acceptance,Pegasus D200 must not be as a flying platform is presented in this paper,D-OP200 tilt module,D200 must not be for flight control and management system of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV),the solution can be completed in cold area normal measurements for unmanned aerial vehicle flight test research is carried out by unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)in low temperature,wind,etc under the special environment of flight test and mobile measurement data acquisition and processing for unmanned aerial vehicle.The results show that 80%of the UAV can fly normally in the whole year under the cross influence of various bad weather in Yimin Mining Area.The single point error in the flight test is less than 0.05 meters,and the error between the real modeling calculation and the measured mining stripping is within 5%,which meets the calculation accuracy of the measurement and acceptance of the mine.