新疆棉秸秆综合利用现状及基质化利用发展前景

Comprehensive Utilization Present Situation and Culture Medium Utilization Prospects of Cotton Straw in Xinjiang

我国棉花种植量大,新疆又是我国棉花主产区,棉花种植面积和产量占我国60%以上,随之产生丰富的棉秸秆资源。棉秸秆具有很高的开发利用价值,但是新疆目前对棉秸秆的利用率低,主要的处理方式是粉碎还田。随着农作物秸秆综合利用方式增多和水平提高,以及棉花秸秆机械化采收实现低成本和高效率,棉花秸秆综合利用的经济效益和生态效益凸显。在对相关文献分析的基础上,针对新疆地区棉花秸秆综合利用前景的经济效益和生态效益进行深入分析,提出棉花秸秆用在无土栽培基质生产中的可行性和经济性,为棉花秸秆深度利用和棉花生产提质增效提供思路。

Cotton is grown in large quantities in China,as the major cotton producing areas in China,Xinjiang cotton planting area and yield accounts for more than 60% of our country. Subsequently,abundant cotton straw resources are produced. Cotton straw has high development and utilization value,but the utilization rate of cotton straw is low in Xinjiang,and the main treatment method is crushing and returning to the field. With the increase of comprehensive utilization of crop straw and the improvement of its level,as well as the realization of mechanized harvest of cotton straw with low cost and high efficiency,the economic and ecological benefits of comprehensive utilization of cotton straw are highlighted. Based on analysis of relevant literature,the economic and ecological benefits of comprehensive utilization of cotton straw in Xinjiang were analyzed,and the feasibility and economy of using cotton straw in soilless culture substrate production were put forward,which provided ideas for deep utilization of cotton straw and improvement of quality and efficiency of cotton production.