鼻咽癌免疫治疗的研究进展

Research progress on immunotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

鼻咽癌是一种来源于鼻咽黏膜的恶性肿瘤,由Epstein-Barr病毒(Epstein-Barr virus,EBV)感染、遗传、环境等多种因素所致。其恶性程度高,且易于复发和转移的特点,导致其治疗难度较大。放射治疗联合化疗目前是鼻咽癌的主要治疗模式,但是这种治疗模式复发率较高而且并发症较多。近几年鼻咽癌的免疫治疗发展迅速,取得了一些研究成果,并且其可以在不破坏机体免疫系统结构和功能的前提下发挥抗肿瘤作用,所以已经成为继手术、放疗、化疗之后的第四大炙手可热的抗肿瘤疗法。现综述近几年鼻咽癌免疫治疗的最新研究进展,为今后鼻咽癌免疫治疗相关的研究提供参考。

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) is a malignant tumor derived from nasopharyngeal mucosa,which is caused by EBV(Epstein-Barr virus) infection,genetic and environmental factors.Its characteristics of high degree of malignancy,easy to relapse and metastasis,leading to its treatment more difficult.Radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy is the main treatment mode for nasopharyngeal carcinoma at present,but this treatment mode has a higher recurrence rate and more complications.In recent years,immunotherapy for nasopharyngeal cancer has developed rapidly,and some encouraging research results have been obtained.Moreover,it can exert anti-tumor effects without damaging the structure and function of the body’s immune system,so it has become the fourth most popular anti-tumor therapy after surgery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy.This article reviews the latest progress in immunotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in recent years,to provide a reference for future studies on immunotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.