促进健康可持续脱贫的战略思考

Strategic Thoughts on Promoting Healthy and Sustainable Poverty Alleviation

当前,我国处在脱贫攻坚战的决胜期,实现可持续脱贫还面临不少挑战。要实现健康可持续脱贫,关键在于构建与优化长效脱贫机制。要处理好产业扶贫中政府与市场的关系,让市场机制发挥更大作用,降低扶贫产业发展对减贫政策的过度依赖;加强教育引导与技能培训,提高贫困人口就业能力;完善易地扶贫搬迁的后续帮扶,提高搬迁人口的社会适应性;着力改善贫困地区医疗卫生服务体系,缓解因病致贫、因病返贫带来的压力;统筹推进贫困地区基础设施建设与乡村治理能力提升,精准对接乡村振兴战略;持续推动边境贫困地区的开放发展,实现兴边富民。

At present, China is in the decisive period of poverty alleviation. Sustainable poverty reduction still faces many challenges. This paper points out that the key to poverty eradication is establishing and optimizing the long-term system of poverty relief. It is necessary to handle the relationship between the government and the market in the industry-based poverty reduction, let the market mechanism play a greater role in the development of industries for poverty alleviation to reduce the excessive dependence on anti-poverty policies. Education and skill-training should be strengthened in order to enhance the employability of the poor. More follow-up measures should be adopted for the relocated population to improve their social adaptability. The pressure of disease-caused poverty should be alleviated by ameliorating the medical and health service systems in poverty-stricken areas. The infrastructure construction and the rural governance capacity in poor areas should be promoted in a coordinated way to accurately implement the strategy of rural revitalization. The openness and development of impoverished border areas should be advanced continuously to realize their prosperity.