我国新上升的四种吉丁甲科蛀干害虫记述

Notes on four increasingly important wood boring jewel beetle pests in China

【目的】 为准确识别和鉴定目前国内新上升的4种吉丁甲科蛀干害虫,便于生产上对其开展有效的监测和防治。【方法】 将收集到的标本通过比对文献以及与国内外同行讨论、标本检视、生物学危害特征观察等方法进行比较和分析。【结果】 对中国新记录的沙蒿尖翅吉丁Sphenoptera sp.和柠条窄吉丁Agrilus sp.鉴定到种,对栎窄吉丁Agrilus cyaneoniger Saunders体色多型现象进行了描述,对弗氏窄吉丁Agrilus fleischeri Obenberger的形态特征进行了再描述,并根据4种吉丁甲科害虫生物学特性和危害特征提出了相应的防治建议。【结论】 沙蒿尖翅吉丁学名为Sphenoptera canescens Motschulsky,柠条窄吉丁学名为Agrilus unguiculosus Obenberger;栎窄吉丁体二色型主要分布于中国东北,南方分布的主要为全体黑色型;弗氏窄吉丁的分布范围在不断扩大。对这些具有潜在高风险的蛀干类吉丁甲害虫,加强检疫和营林措施防止其扩散传播是非常必要的,保护天敌有助于抑制其种群数量快速上升,局部暴发时采取化学防治也是必要的应急手段。

[Objectives] To provide information for the accurate identification of four species of buprestid beetles and improve the effective monitoring and control of these newly emerging pests in China. [Methods] The morphological and biological characteristics of specimens were analyzed by reviewing the literature and discussion with taxonomists. [Results] Sphenoptera sp. and Agrilus sp. were identified to species level by comparing them with type specimens. The body color polymorphism of Agrilus cyaneoniger Saunders was described and the morphology of Agrilus fleischeri Obenberger adults was re-described. Furthermore, suggestions for the control of these species are proposed based on their biological characteristics and modes of infestation. [Conclusion] Two unknown species were identified as Sphenoptera canescens Motschulsky and A. unguiculosus. Bicolored types of A. cyaneoniger are mainly found in northeastern China whereas the unicolored type is usually found in south China. The range of A. fleischeri is continuing to expand. Plant quarantine and forest management measures are required to prevent the dispersal and spread of these pests, and conservation of their natural enemies is important for suppressing their populations. Chemical control is a necessary urgent strategy for managing local outbreaks of these species.