历史时期北方农牧交错带范围波动驱动因素的考察及反思

Investigation and Reflection on the Driving Factors of the Range Fluctuation of the Northern Farming-pastoral Ecotone in the Historical Period

历史学中农牧交错带研究是对自然科学领域概念的转用,但农牧交错带却精当的反映出历史时期中原农耕民族与草原游牧民族之间的互动,同时也反映出两类不同性质民族的经济与文化在地域空间范围内的碰撞、交流与融合。自农牧交错带被引入历史学研究领域后,气候与人口因素始终是左右农牧交错带范围波动及相关问题研究的两条基本线索。考察发现,气候因素在人类社会早期是影响农牧交错带出现及范围分布的主要因素,但随着人类社会生产力水平的提高,增强了人对农牧交错带范围分布的控制能力。尤其是历史上农牧交错带范围出现多次逆气候波动规律的变化,是受到人口因素几近决定性的影响。

The study of the agro-pastoral ecotone in history is a transfer of the concept of natural science,but the agro-pastoral ecotone reflects precisely the interaction between the agro-pastoral and grassland nomadic peoples in the Central Plains in the historical period,and also reflects the collision,exchange and interaction of the two different types of ethnic economies and cultures in the regional space.Fusion.Since the agro-pastoral ecotone was introduced into the field of historical research,climate and population factors have always been the two basic clues for the study of the agro-pastoral ecotone and related issues.It is found that climate factors are the main factors affecting the emergence and distribution of the agro-pastoral ecotone in the early period of human society.However,with the improvement of human social productivity,people's ability to control the distribution of the agro-pastoral ecotone has been enhanced.Especially in the history of the agricultural-pastoral ecotone,there have been many changes in the law of adverse climate fluctuation,which is influenced by population factors.