DWI高信号在中枢神经系统病变的应用价值

Application value of hyperintensity on diffusion-weighted imaging in central nervous system disorders

扩散加权成像(diffusion weighing imaging,DWI)是一种无创测量活体组织内水分子扩散运动的技术,它不仅可以提供异于常规MRI的组织对比,还可以获得定量参数,来间接评估器官或组织的病理改变。基于DWI序列的这些优势,学者们尝试将其应用于中枢神经系统、乳腺、肝脏、直肠、子宫、前列腺等器官病变的MRI定性诊断、鉴别诊断及治疗效果评价,特别是对中枢神经系统的研究,取得了令人鼓舞的成果。本文就DWI高信号并ADC值改变在中枢神经系统疾病的诊断及鉴别诊断价值的研究现状及进展进行综述。

Diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)is a noninvasive technique for measuring the diffusion of water molecules in living tissue.It can not only provide a tissue contrast different from conventional magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),but also obtain quantitative parameters to indirectly evaluate pathological changes in organs or tissues. Based on these advantages of DWI sequences,scholars have tried to apply it in MRI qualitative diagnosis,differential diagnosis,and evaluation of treatment outcomes of central nervous system,breast,liver,rectum,uterus,prostate,and other organ diseases. It has achieved encouraging results in the central nervous system disorders. In this article,we review the research status and advances in the application value of hyperintensity on DWI and apparent diffusion coefficient in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of central nervous system disorders.