2017年宁夏石嘴山市8~10岁儿童和孕妇碘缺乏病监测结果分析

Analysis on the survey results of iodine deficiency disorders of children aged 8-10 years and pregnant women in Shizuishan City of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region during the year of 2017

目的了解宁夏石嘴山市8~10岁儿童和孕妇碘营养现状。方法2017年,在石嘴山市下辖的大武口区、惠农区、平罗县,按东、西、南、北、中5个方位各划分1个抽样片区,每个片区抽取1个乡(镇、街道),每个乡(镇、街道)抽取1所小学,每所小学抽取8~10岁儿童40人,另在抽中的乡(镇、街道)各抽取孕妇20人,采集儿童、孕妇家中食用盐盐样50 g和随意1次尿样10 ml,其中平罗县仅采集儿童、孕妇家中食用盐盐样。盐碘检测采用氧化还原滴定法,尿碘检测采用砷铈催化分光光度法。结果共检测儿童和孕妇家中食用盐盐样900份,盐碘中位数为24.50 mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率为97.67%(879/900),碘盐合格率为86.92%(764/879),合格碘盐食用率为84.89%(764/900)。共检测儿童尿样400份,尿碘中位数为213μg/L,大武口区和惠农区儿童尿碘水平比较,差异有统计学意义(中位数分别为246、194μg/L,Z=-4.827,P<0.05),不同性别、不同年龄组儿童尿碘水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。共检测孕妇尿样200份,尿碘中位数为173μg/L。不同地区、不同孕期孕妇尿碘水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论石嘴山市8~10岁儿童和孕妇碘营养状况总体处于适宜水平。

Objective To understand the status of iodine nutrition of children aged 8-10 years and pregnant women in Shizuishan City.Methods In 2017,five sampling districts were divided into east,west,south,north and middle districts in three counties(Dawukou District,Huinong District and Pingluo County)of Shizuishan City,one township(town,street)was selected in each district,one primary school was selected in each township(town,street),40 children aged 8-10 years were selected in each primary school,and 20 pregnant women were selected in each township(town,street).In Dawukou District and Huinong District of Shizuishan City,50 g of edible salt and 10 ml of urine samples were collected from the homes of children and pregnant women;in Pingluo County 50 g of edible salt samples were collected from the homes of children and pregnant women.Iodine in edible iodized salt was measured by redox titration and urinary iodine content was measured by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometer.Results A total of 900 edible salt samples were collected,the median iodine content in salt was 24.50 mg/kg,the coverage rate of iodized salt was 97.67%(879/900),the qualified rate of iodized salt was 86.92%(764/879),and the edible rate of qualified iodized salt was 84.89%(764/900).A total of 400 urine samples of children were tested,the median urinary iodine was 213μg/L.There was statistically significant difference in urinary iodine among children between Dawukou District and Huinong District(the median urinary iodine was 246 and 194μg/L,respectively,Z=-4.827,P<0.05),but no statistically significant differences in urinary iodine among children in different gender and age groups(P>0.05).A total of 200 urine samples of pregnant women were tested,and the median urinary iodine was 173μg/L.There were no significant differences in urinary iodine content between pregnant women in different counties(districts),and between pregnant women at different pregnancy stages(P>0.05).Conclusion The iodine nutrition status of the children aged 8-10 years and pregnant women in Shizuishan City is generally at the appropriate level.