7～12岁儿童急性中毒影响因素及健康教育效果

On the influencing factors of acute poisoning in children aged 7～12 years and the effect by health education

目的分析7~12岁儿童急性中毒的影响因素,探讨健康教育干预效果。方法收集某市7~12岁急性中毒儿童78例,调查分析一般资料及中毒特征。患儿随机分为观察组与对照组,每组39例。对照组实施常规健康教育,观察组在对照组基础上实施预防中毒健康教育。比较两组干预前后急性中毒相关知识、信念、行为评分。结果男孩急性中毒发生率明显高于女孩,7~9岁患儿明显高于其他年龄段,食物中毒明显高于其他中毒类型,消化道吸收明显高于其他途径,家长文化程度低者明显高于文化程度高者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组知识、态度、行为评分明显高于干预前,且观察组评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,患儿年龄、家长文化程度是预防中毒的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论7~12岁儿童急性中毒影响因素较多,合理健康教育有助于提高其知信行状况。

Objective To analyze influencing factors of acute poisoning in children aged 7~12years.Methods 78cases of acute poisoning in children aged 7~12years were collected.Children were randomly divided into observation group and control group,39cases in each group.The control group was given routine health education,and the observation group was given with health education focusing on poisoning prevention on the intervention basis of the control group.The knowledge,belief and behavior scores of acute poisoning before and after intervention were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence of acute poisoning in boys was significantly higher than that in girls;the incidence of acute poisoning in children aged 7~9years was significantly higher than that in other age groups;food poisoning was significantly higher than that in other types of poisoning;digestive tract absorption was significantly higher than that in other ways;and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After the intervention,scores of knowledge,attitude and behavior in the two groups were significantly higher than before the intervention,and scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that age and parental educational levels were protective factors for poisoning prevention(P<0.05).Conclusions There are many influencing factors of acute poisoning in children aged 7~12.