旧释有关“监凡”“爵凡”卜辞的探讨

Discussion on the Old Interpretations about Oracle Inscriptions of "Jianfan" and "Juefan"

甲骨文中的"同",最早被视为"凡",以致"方同"的卜辞被通读成"方来犯"。后来因为一件觚形青铜器自名为"同",才让学者重新去省思,传统名为"觚"的青铜器当正名为"同"。卜辞中由于加口与否无别,故"凡"也可以视作"同","同"是从"凡"分化出来的字。而卜辞"肩同有疾"的"同"字,由于有异文作"兴",因知"同"有时可视为"兴"。如此一来凡、同、兴三者就容易混同,然而此三字古音并不近,因故本文尝试对这种现象作出推测。

In Oracle, the words " fan ", " tong ", and " xing " are often used in common, which causes a lot of misun-derstandings, but the pronunciation of these three words are not similar. Why can they be universal ? This article tries to explain.