植物响应联合胁迫机制的研究进展

Advances in the Mechanism Underlying Plant Response to Stress Combination

自然界中,植物通常面对多重联合胁迫。在全球气候变化日益加剧的背景下,多重联合胁迫对植物生长发育及作物产量形成的不利影响日益显著。阐明植物响应和适应联合胁迫的生理与分子机制,对人们理解植物对自然环境的适应机理,及培育耐受联合胁迫的新品种有重要意义。研究表明,植物响应联合胁迫的机制是特异的,不能简单地从单一胁迫响应叠加来推断。植物遭受联合胁迫时,各种生理、代谢和信号途径相互作用,使得植物响应联合胁迫非常复杂。该文综述了植物响应联合胁迫的生理与分子机理的最新进展,并阐述了植物响应联合胁迫的研究方法。

Under field conditions, biotic and abiotic stresses usually occur simultaneously, and threaten global food security. Uncovering the mechanisms underlying plant response to combinations of two or more stress conditions holds the potential to breed new crop varieties with enhanced stress tolerance. Recent studies have revealed that the response of plants to stress combinations is unique and cannot be directly extrapolated from the response of plants to each of the different stresses. The responses of plants to different combined stresses might integrate with different signaling pathways at multiple levels, including defence responses, transcription factors, hormone signaling and osmolyte biosynthesis. Here, we review the molecular and physiological responses and adaptations of plants to different stress combinations, and provide an update on multi-omics approaches to study combined stresses.