低碳源市政污水处理优化运行的研究与工程应用

Research and engineering application of optimized operation of municipal wastewater treatment with low carbon source

对全国不同地区的市政污水处理厂进水水质统计发现,以碳氮比为主要评价指标,低碳源进水情况普遍存在。低碳源市政污水处理的优化运行技术措施可以从原水碳源深度挖掘和外部碳源优化利用两个方面进行。溶解氧精确控制、好氧池末端设置脱气区等措施在节省碳源方面具有有益效果。在传统生化处理工艺的厌氧段前增加预缺氧进行改良,采用预缺氧-厌氧两段分配进水,或采用厌氧-缺氧沿程分段进水,可平衡生化脱氮除磷对碳源的利用,提高原水碳源利用效率。应用反硝化速率进行外部碳源效率评价是经济有效的碳源筛选技术手段,配合碳源精确投加系统,可最大化实现外部碳源投加的降本增效。

According to the statistics of municipal wastewater treatment plants in different regions of China, with the carbon-nitrogen ratio as the main index, it is found that the low carbon source is widespread. It can be put forth effort towards to using the raw carbon source in wastewater and optimizing external carbon source. Beneficial effects will be obtained with the method of adding degassing section in the end of aerobic tank and accurate aeration. Modification of adding a pre-anoxic period before anaerobic tank in traditional biochemical treatment process can improve raw carbon use efficiency, and therefore anaerobic-anoxic step-feeding can be applied in the process, which can balance the use of carbon sources in the stage of biochemical nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The application of denitrification rate for external carbon source efficiency evaluation is an effective carbon source screening technology, with the precision dosing system, the cost reduction and efficiency of external carbon source can be maximized.