计及电动汽车和可控负荷的需求侧能源交易机制

Demand-Side Transactive Energy Mechanism Considering Electric Vehicles and Controlable Loads

分布式可再生能源发电渗透率的提高对电力系统尤其是配电系统的优化运行提出了更高的要求。作为新兴的协调分布式能源的市场机制,能源交易为分布式可再生能源发电大量接入配电系统提供了可行的解决方案。在此背景下,以需求侧能源交易为例,研究能源交易的机制设计和潜在的经济效益。首先构建能源交易的整体框架,制定能源交易和出清规则。在此基础上,考虑电动汽车和可控负荷的特性,建立需求侧负荷响应的数学模型并采用机会约束对不确定性进行处理。结合需求侧模型和能源交易体系,建立了能源交易的最优竞价模型。最后,采用算例系统对所提能源交易模型和方法进行了仿真验证。

The ever increasing penetration of distributed renewable energy generating units imposes higher requirements for the power system, especially the distribution system. As one of the emerging market-based mechanism to coordinate distributed energy resources, transactive energy has provided a viable solution to accommodate a high penetration level of distributed renewable energy sources. Given this background, this paper focuses on transactive energy at demand-side and aims to examine appropriate mechanism design and analyze potential economic benefits. First, the overall framework of transactive energy is proposed, and the rules of energy transactions and market clearing procedures are introduced. The mathematical models of responsive demands are developed considering the characteristics of electric vehicles and controllable loads. Uncertainties are addressed through an analytic chance constrained programming reformulation method. On the basis of the presented transactive energy mechanism and demand-side models, an optimal bidding model is proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model and method is demonstrated by case studies.