我国2014年1~29岁人群戊型肝炎血清流行病学特征分析

Sero-epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis E in population aged 1-29 years in China, 2014

目的 分析2014年1~ 29岁人群戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)抗体(抗-HEV)的流行病学特征.方法 基于2014年我国1 ~ 29岁人群乙型肝炎血清流行病学调查个案数据库,估算样本量,采用单纯随机抽样法和随机函数抽取研究对象的血清标本,采用ELISA法检测抗-HEV IgG.运用SAS 9.1.3软件统计分析,采用抽样权重运用泰勒级数线性法计算不同年龄、性别、城乡、地区等抗-HEV阳性率及95%CI,通过比较95%CI判定差异是否有统计学意义.结果 共检测1~29岁人群血清标本14 106人,其中男性6 996人(49.60%),城市7 013人(49.72%).我国1~29岁人群抗-HEV阳性率为8.12%(95%CI:7.19~ 9.15),男性和女性间、城市和农村之间差异无统计学意义;西部地区(11.36%,95%CI:9.45~ 13.62)高于东部和中部地区;1~、5~、10~、15~、20~和25~29岁组人群抗-HEV阳性率分别为2.46%、2.24%、4.50%、7.58%、11.89%、17.27%,随着年龄的增大,抗-HEV阳性率逐渐上升;不同民族抗-HEV阳性率较高的为藏族(18.32%,95%CI:12.02~26.90)、壮族(9.54%,95%CI:4.33 ~ 19.73).结论 2014年我国抗-HEV阳性率有所下降,仍需密切关注1~ 29岁人群HEV感染、发病及相关危险因素.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis E Virus antibody (anti-HEV) in people aged 1-29 years in China in 2014.Methods Based on database of the national serologic survey of hepatitis B in people aged 1-29 years in China,in 2014,the sample size was estimated.The serum samples of the people surveyed were randomly selected to detect anti-HEV IgG by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Statistical software SAS 9.1.3 was used to calculate the positive rate of anti-HEV and 95% confidence interval (CI) in different age,gender groups,urban and rural areas and geographic areas by using the Taylor series linear method with sampling weight.The difference was determined by comparing 95%CI.Results A total of 14 106 serum samples were detected from people aged 1-29 years,including 6 996 males (49.60%),7 013 urban residents (49.72%).The positive rate of anti-HEV was 8.12%(95%CI:7.19-9.15) in people aged 1-29 years.There was no statistical difference between the men and women,between urban area and rural area.The positive rates of anti-HEV in western area (11.36%,95%CI:9.45-13.62) was higher than those in eastern and central areas.The positive rates of anti-HEV were 2.46%,2.24%,4.50%,7.58%,11.89% and 17.27% in people aged 1-,5-,10-,15-,20-and 25-29 years,respectively.As the age increased,the positive rate of anti-HEV gradually increased.In different ethnic groups,the positive rate of anti-HEV was higher in Tibetan (18.32%,95%CI:12.02-26.90),Zhuang (9.54%,95%CI:4.33-19.73) ethnic groups.Conclusion The positive rate of anti-HEV declined slightly in China in 2014.It is still necessary to pay close attention to the HEV infection,morbidity of hepatitis E and risk factors in people aged 1-29 years.