患者不规则抗体筛查阳性情况及输血疗效分析

Analysis of irregular antibody screening in hospitalized patients and efficacy of blood transfusion

目的:分析住院患者不规则抗体筛查阳性情况以及阳性患者的输血疗效。方法:采用微柱凝胶技术对2015-01—2017-12拟输血患者进行不规则抗体筛查检测,对不规则抗体阳性患者的输血疗效进行分析。结果:14706例患者进行不规则抗体筛查,共检出阳性83例,阳性率为0.56%,其中男9,女74例。有输血史或妊娠史患者阳性率0.60%,明显高于无输血史或妊娠史患者的0.22%(χ^2=4.26,P<0.05)。妇科与产科患者检测例数最多,检出阳性例数也最多,但阳性率以血液风湿科最高(2.19%)。12例不规则抗体筛查阳性患者输注了ABO同型且交叉配血试验主侧阴性的红细胞,11例有效,有效率为91.7%,2例出现迟发性溶血反应。结论:输血前对患者进行不规则抗体筛查,能发现有意义的不规则抗体,尤其对于有输血史、妊娠史的患者,能起到预警作用,提高输血疗效、保证输血安全有重要的意义。

Objective:To analyze the positive status of irregular antibody screening in hospitalized patients and the effect of blood transfusion in irregular antibodies positive patients.Method:The microcolumn gel technique was used to screen irregular antibody in the patients undergoing blood transfusion from January 2015 to December 2017,and the blood transfusion efficacy of irregular positive patients was analyzed.Result:14706 cases were detected for irregular antibody screening,83 cases were positive for irregular antibodies,and the positive rate was 0.56%,including 9 male and 74 female.The positive rate in the patients with history of transfusion or pregnancy was 0.60%,which was significantly higher than that in the patients with no history of transfusion or pregnancy(χ^2=4.26,P<0.05).The number of irregular antibody screening of obstetrics and gynecology patients was the highest and the number of positive antibodies was also the highest.However,the positive rate was highest in blood rheumatology.Twelve patients with positive antibody screening were infused with red blood cells with ABO isotype and negative cross-matching test,11 cases were effective,the effective rate was 91.7%,and 2 cases had delayed hemolytic reaction.Conclusion:Irregular antibody screening for patients before transfusion clinical significance,especially for patients with a history of blood transfusion and pregnancy,may be a useful warning signal,as it can improve the efficacy of blood transfusion and ensure the safety of blood transfusion.