认知训练在抑郁症治疗中的作用研究进展

Research progress on the effects of cognitive training in the treatment of depression

认知训练用于治疗抑郁症逐渐受到关注.研究中使用的方法主要有注意训练、工作记忆训练、元认知训练以及正念训练.目前针对抑郁症的认知训练中发现患者的注意、工作记忆等方面有显著改善(即近迁移),并且抑郁情绪、思维反刍、自杀观念等症状也会随认知功能的改善得到缓解(即远迁移).未来的研究应关注患者的个体差异对结果的影响,并且完善评估手段以考察认知训练在各个方面的效果.

The use of cognitive training in the treatment of depression has attracted increasing attention. The main methods used in the study are attention training, working memory training, metacognitive training and mindfulness training. At present, cognitive training for depression has found that patients' attention, working memory have significantly improved (i.e. near transfer), and depression, rumination, suicidal ideation and other symptoms will also be alleviated with the improvement of cognitive function (i.e. far transfer). Future studies should focus on the impact of individual differences on outcomes, and improve assessment tools to examine the effects of cognitive training in all aspects.