平流层电子设备温度数值模拟

Numerical simulation of the stratospheric electronic equipment temperature

分析了平流层电子设备内外部热环境,考虑平流层大气对流、设备内部自然对流、太阳直射辐射、大气辐射、地面反射太阳辐射、地球红外辐射以及设备自身辐射等因素的基础上,建立了计算电子设备温度分布特征的对流、辐射耦合模型,模拟了其在不同功率、不同对流换热、不同环境条件下的温度分布。结果表明:对于平流层电子设备散热,对流换热和辐射换热都会影响电子设备的温度分布,尽管由于平流层大气压力低、对流换热弱,但对流换热量占到散热总量的60%以上,是散热的主要方式。因此,在平流层电子设备热设计时,可以优先考虑采取开孔等强化对流散热方法来控制设备的温度。最后,开展了平流层模拟环境的实验验证,典型工况实验值与计算值吻合较好,验证了计算模型的正确性。对平流层电子设备热设计有重要的指导意义。

The internal and external thermal environments of the stratospheric electronic equipment were analyzed and the convection in the stratosphere, the natural convection inside the equipment, the direct solar radiation, the atmospheric radiation, solar radiation reflection by the ground, the earth’s infrared radiation and the radiation of the equipment itself were considered. A coupling model of convection and radiation was established for calculating the temperature distribution characteristics of the electronic equipment. The temperature distribution of the stratospheric electronic equipment under different power, different convective heat transferand different environmental conditions was simulated numerically. The calculation results show that: For the cooling of the stratospheric electronic equipment, both convection and radiation affect the temperature distribution of electronic equipment. Although the stratospheric atmospheric pressure is low and convection heat transfer is weak, convection heat transfer accounts for more than 60% of the total heat dissipation. Convection is the main method of equipment heat dissipation. Therefore, in the thermal design of stratospheric electronic equipment, priority can be given to the enhanced convection heat dissipation methods such as openings to control the temperature of the equipment.Finally, the experimental verification of the stratosphere simulation environment was carried out. The experimental data of the typical operating conditions show that the experimental values are in good agreement with the calculated values, which verifies the correctness of the calculation model. The research is of great significance for the thermal design of stratospheric electronic equipment.