苯达莫司汀治疗复发/难治性多发性骨髓瘤的研究进展

Advances in the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma with bendamustine

多发性骨髓瘤(multiple myeloma,MM)是一种浆细胞恶性克隆性疾病。随着自体造血干细胞移植(autologous stem cell transplantation,ASCT)、免疫调节剂(immunomodulatory drugs,IMiDs)和蛋白酶抑制剂(proteasome inhibitors,PIs)等药物的应用,患者的整体生存期显著延长。但患者常因疾病复发、耐药及进展而死亡,MM至今仍无法治愈。苯达莫司汀(bendamustine,Ben)是一种古老的双功能氮芥衍生物,具有独特的作用机制,与其他烷化剂无交叉耐药性。在东欧地区,该药已广泛应用于慢性淋巴细胞白血病、恶性淋巴瘤、MM等淋巴系统肿瘤及乳腺癌的治疗。近年来,国外开展了一系列Ben单药或联合化疗治疗复发/难治性多发性骨髓瘤(relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma,RRMM)的临床研究,并显示出良好的疗效。本文就Ben单药或联合化疗治疗RRMM的疗效进行综述。

Multiple myeloma(MM)is a malignant clonal plasma cell disease.With the application of autologous stem cell transplantation(ASCT),immunomodulatory drugs(IMiDs)and proteasome inhibitors(PIs),the overall survival was significantly prolonged.However,patients often die due to disease relapse,drug resistance and disease progression.MM is still an incurable disease.Bendamustine(Ben)is an ancient difunctional nitrogen mustard derivative with a unique mechanism of action and no cross resistance to other alkylating agents.In eastern Europe,the drug has been widely used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia,malignant lymphoma,MM,other lymphatic system tumors and breast cancer.In recent years,foreign countries have conducted a series of clinical studies on Ben monotherapy or combined chemotherapy in the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma(RRMM),and showed good curative effect.This article reviews the efficacy of Ben monotherapy or combined chemotherapy in the treatment of RRMM.