单季稻不同施肥方式的减肥及增产效应

Effects of Different Fertilization Methods on Fertilizer Reduction and Yield Increasing in Single Cropping Rice

为了研究不同施肥方式的减肥和增产效果,本文开展了单季稻施用缓控释肥与传统速效肥料的对比试验。结果表明,施肥处理的水稻成熟期较不施肥对照推迟3 d,不同施肥处理间成熟期没有差异;单季稻分蘖主要在栽后23~38 d期间发生,施肥可促进分蘖发生,常规配方施肥与缓控释肥处理间分蘖发生量差异不大;与常规配方施肥相比,缓控释肥处理的平均氮肥偏生产力及氮肥贡献率分别提高26.1%和34.4%,施肥次数减少1次,减肥19.3%,产量提高1.7%。不同缓控释肥的施用效果以“好乐耕”和“稻坚强”效果较好,与常规配方施肥相比,经济效益分别增加236.10元/667 m^2、138.80元/667 m^2。

In order to explore the effects of different fertilization methods on fertilizer reduction and yield increasing,a comparative study on the application of slow-release fertilizer and conventional quick-effect fertilizer was carried out in this paper.The results showed that,the maturity stage of rice with fertilization was delayed by 3 days compared with the control without fertilization,and there was no difference among different fertilization treatments.Tillers mainly occurred in single cropping rice from 23 d to 38 d after transplanting,which could be promoted by fertilization.There was little difference in tiller number between conventional fertilization treatment and slow-released fertilization treatments.Compared with the conventional fertilization treatment,the average partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer and nitrogen contribution rate of slow-released fertilizer treatments were increased by 26.1% and 34.4% respectively,nitrogen fertilizer was reduced by 19.3%,and the yield was increased by 1.7%.“Haolegeng”organic slow-released fertilizer and“Daojianqiang”slow-released fertilizer performed the higher rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency.Compared with the conventional fertilization treatment,the economic benefits of slow-released fertilizer treatments(treatment 2,3 and 4)were increased by 236.10 yuan,138.80 yuan and 89.20 yuan per 667 m^2 respectively.