化学发光法和酶联免疫法在乙型肝炎病毒血清学检验中的效果比较

Comparison of the Effects of Chemiluminescence and Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay on Serological Test of Hepatitis B Virus

目的比较化学发光法和酶联免疫法在乙型肝炎病毒血清学检验中的效果。方法选取2017年2月~2019年5月我院收治的疑似乙型肝炎患者63例作为研究对象,均予以酶联免疫法、化学发光法进行血清学检验,以荧光定量PCR为金标准,比较两种检验方式准确性、血清学指标检出率。结果共63例疑似乙肝患者,荧光定量PCR检验阳性38例、阴性25例;酶联免疫法和化学发光法中准确度、灵敏度、特异度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。38例乙肝阳性患者中,酶联免疫法HBsAb、HBcAb阳性检出率与化学发光法比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);酶联免疫法HBeAb、HBeAg、HBsAg阳性检出率低于化学发光法,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论乙型肝炎病毒血清学检验中,采用酶联免疫法、化学发光法均具良好诊断效果,但在血清标志物检验中,化学发光法检出效果更佳,有利于保证临床诊断准确性。

Objective To compare the effects of chemiluminescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on the serological test of hepatitis B virus. Methods A total of 63 patients with suspected hepatitis B admitted to our hospital from February 2017 to May 2019 were selected as subjects.Evidence-linked immunosorbent assay and chemiluminescence assay were used for serological tests. Fluorescence quantitative PCR was used as the gold standard. The accuracy of the two test methods and the detection rate of serological markers were compared. Results A total of 63 patients with suspected hepatitis B were positive for fluorescent quantitative PCR and 38 for negative,there were 25 cases of negative;there was no significant difference in accuracy, sensitivity and specificity between enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and chemiluminescence method( P>0.05). In 38 cases of hepatitis B positive patients, the positive detection rate of HBsAb and HBcAb by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was not significantly different from that of chemiluminescence method(P>0.05). The positive detection rate of HBeAb, HBeAg and HBsAg was lower than that of enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. The chemiluminescence method was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion In the serological test of hepatitis B virus, both enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and chemiluminescence method have good diagnostic results. However, in the serum marker test, the chemiluminescence method has better detection effect, which is beneficial to ensure the accuracy of clinical diagnosis.