沈从文对“五四”启蒙与左翼文学的承继与发展——以沈从文小说《萧萧》为例

Shen Congwen’s Inheritance and Development of the May 4th Enlightenment and Left-wing Literature——Taking His Novel Xiao Xiao As an Example

沈从文的《萧萧》等作品,一反“五四”文学启蒙者视角以及左翼文学解放者视角,采取当事人视角来描写童养媳等主人公生活,这种描写的独异之处在于:避免简单的善恶判断和逻辑推理,展示当事人身处其间却并无反抗甚至乐于接受命运安排的复杂情境。这种随顺自然的故事,其深层蕴含的悲剧内核,其实更加触目惊心。这充分说明:沈从文虽然在形式上开拓出新文学“第三种形式”新面貌,但在社会批判方面却对“五四”新文学社会批判传统一以贯之。

Contrary to the perspectives of the May 4th literary enlightenment and the left-wing literary liberation,Shen Congwen’s Xiao Xiao and other works use the perspective of the parties to describe the stories of the protagonists such as child brides,prostitutes,sailors,etc.The uniqueness of this way of description is avoiding simple good and evil judgment and logical reasoning,just to show that the parties are in the middle of the context,but there is no resistance and he or she even accepts the fate’s arrangement.However,this kind of natural story is easily misunderstood as the“idyllic pastoral”sentiment.The deep tragedy of the story is actually more shocking,but often overlooked.This sufficiently shows that although Shen Congwen has opened up a new look of the“third form”of New Literature,he has still followed the social criticizing tradition of the May 4th New Literature on social criticism.