河北六里坪猕猴省级自然保护区鸟兽的调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Birds and Beasts in Liuliping Macaque Provincial Nature Reserve,Hebei Province

红外相机技术作为一种新型的监测方法,近年来开始广泛应用于我国兽类的监测研究中。2017年10月1日至2018年9月30日,在河北六里坪猕猴省级自然保护区布设了69台红外相机,对区内兽类及林下鸟类资源进行了连续监测。结果表明:1)共累计26860个有效相机工作日,获得有效照片10403张,共鉴定出兽类5目8科12种,鸟类7目16科33种。2)发现国家二级重点保护动物中华斑羚(Naemorhedus griseus)、勺鸡(Pucrasia macrolopha)、苍鹰(Accipiter gentilis)、游隼(Falco peregrinus)、燕隼(Falco subbuteo)和灰林鸮(Strix aluco)6种,通过计算可知岩松鼠(Sciurotamias davidianus)、猪獾(Arctonyx collaris)和狗獾(Meles leucurus)的相对丰富度最高。3)对拍摄率较高的兽类和鸟类——岩松鼠、勺鸡的全年日活动节律进行分析,发现岩松鼠全年的日活动曲线呈单峰型,夏季和秋季活动较频繁;勺鸡每日的活动多集中在白天,为日行性动物,在春季和夏季活动比较频繁。4)在不同季节中,秋季兽类和鸟类具有最高的物种数(12种和33种)和Shannon-Weiner指数(2.38和4.18)。

In recent years,as a new monitoring method,infrared camera technology has been used in animal monitoring in China.From 1 October 2017 to 30 September 2018,69 infrared cameras were set up in the Liuliping Macaque Provincial Nature Reserve,Hebei province,to continuously monitor the mammals and the bird resources under the forest.The results showed that:1)cameras worked 26860 effective working days,and 10403 valid photos were obtained.A total of 5 orders,8 families,12 species of mammals and 7 orders,16 families,33 species of birds were identified.2)which 6 species are State Key Protected Animals in Class-II,namely species-Chinese Goral(Naemorhedus griseus),Koklass Pheasant(Pucrasia macrolopha),Goshawk(Accipiter gentilis),Peregrine Falcon(Falco peregrinus),Eurasian Hobby(Falco subbuteo)and Tawny Owl(Strix aluco),the relative abundance of rock squirrels(Sciurotamias davidianus),Hog Badger(Arctonyx collaris)and Asian Badger(Meles leucurus)was the highest.3)based on the analysis of the annual daily activity rhythm of the rock squirrels and Koklass Pheasant of the common mammals and birds,it was found that the annual diurnal activity curve of the rock squirrels is unimodal,and the activity is more frequent in summer and autumn.The annual daily activity rhythm of the Koklass Pheasant is mostly concentrated in the daytime,which is a diurnal animal.It is more frequent in spring and summer.4)in different seasons,the number of species(12 and 33)and shannon-weiner index(2.38 and 4.18)of mammals and birds were highest in autumn.