矿物质调理剂对土壤养分含量及植物营养吸收的影响

Effects of Mineral Conditioner on Soil Nutrient Contents and Nutrient Absorption by Lettuce

通过室内培养和盆栽试验,研究了氮磷肥配施不同量(0、0.5、1.0、2.0 g/kg)矿物质调理剂对土壤pH和有效磷、钙、镁、硅等养分含量及作物产量和氮、磷、钾等营养元素吸收的影响。室内培养结果表明:施用1.0 g/kg和2.0 g/kg调理剂,不仅增强了土壤抗酸化能力,使土壤pH从5.02提高到5.31和5.61,并且延缓了磷肥施入土壤后的固定速率,在施肥后第15天和第22天土壤有效磷含量得到明显增加,增幅分别为21.49%、24.17%和22.09%、23.84%。盆栽试验中,施用0.5~2.0 g/kg调理剂,土壤矿质养分得到有效补充,并能实现生菜增产10.47%~33.33%;同时,使生菜氮、磷、钾吸收量分别提高14.69%~44.26%、15.28%~52.89%和16.28%~42.43%。由此,施用矿物质调理剂是农业种植中改善土壤酸性、补充土壤有效养分、促进作物营养吸收并实现增产的有效途径。

Indoor culture and pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer combined with different dosages(0,0.5,1.0,and 2.0 g/kg)of mineral conditioner on pH,contents of available phosphorus,calcium,magnesium and silicon in soil as well as on lettuce yields and absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium by lettuce.The results of indoor culture experiments showed that when the dosage of mineral conditioner was 1.0 g/kg and 2.0 g/kg,soil pH increased from 5.02 to 5.31 and 5.61,thus,enhanced soil anti-acidification ability.Meanwhile,the fixed rate of phosphate fertilizer applied to soil was delayed,the available phosphorus contents increased by 21.49% and 24.17% in 15d and 22.09% and 23.84% in 22d,respectively.The results of pot experiments showed that when the dosage of mineral conditioner was 0.5-2.0 g/kg,soil mineral nutrients were effectively increased,lettuce yields were increased by 10.47%–33.33%,and the uptakes of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium increased by 14.69%-44.26%,15.28%-52.89% and 16.28%-42.43%,respectively.So,it is an effective way to apply mineral conditioner for ameliorating soil acidity,replenishing soil nutrients,and increasing crop nutrition absorption and yield.