《伍伦全备谚解》的文化价值浅谈

Discussion on Wulunquanbei yanjie’s Cultural Value

《伍伦全备谚解》是18世纪朝鲜半岛李氏王朝时期一部重要的汉语口语教材,也是李朝科举考试初试、复试的必考书目。它是通过对中国明代戏曲家丘濬所作的传奇《伍伦全备记》谚解而成,对早期的域外汉语教学产生了深远的影响。“伍伦全备”是指“伍伦全”和“伍伦备”兄弟俩的姓名;“伍伦”又是儒家思想道德规范“五伦”的谐音,“五伦”是中国和韩国传统社会中基本的五种人伦关系,即父子、君臣、夫妇、兄弟、朋友关系。从《伍伦全备谚解》的文化价值方面进行分析总结,有助于把其有益的部分发扬光大,并为当代对韩汉语教学和汉语教材的编写提供一些启示。首先,本文将从谚解的方法和原因对这部教材的文化价值进行分析。其次,由于《伍伦全备谚解》大量用典,不仅满足了李朝人汉语学习的需要,同时满足了他们希望了解中国文化的需求,因此对其典型性语言也进行必要的分析,以此探讨语言中的文化价值。再次,通过分析教材文本人物对话中各个角色的扮演,对教材的戏曲文化价值予以探讨。最后,从教材的编排方式、方法出发,分析其儒学道德教化的价值所在。

Wulunquanbei,written by Qiu Jun,is a famous drama in Ming Dynasty.As the Korean version of Wulunquanbei,Wulunquanbei yanjie was an important reference book for imperial examination in the Lee Dynasty of Korea in the 18th century.Moreover,it became a popular textbook of spoken Chinese at that time and had a far-reaching influence on Chinese teaching abroad in the early time.The name of the book Wulunquanbei came from the names of the two brothers:Wu Lunquan and Wu Lunbei.“Wu lun”are the homophonic characters of the Confucian“Five Ethics”,including five kinds of basic interpersonal relationships of traditional China and South Korea.They are the relationships between father and son,ruler and minister,couples,brothers and friends.This paper firstly analyzes the cultural value of Wulunquanbei yanjie from the methods and the reasons of this translation.Secondly,Wu lunquanbei yanjie quoted a large number of allusions,which helped the learners learning Chinese language as well as Chinese culture.Therefore,this paper pays specific attentions on its typicality language.Thirdly,this paper analyzes the roles in this book,and explores its values on drama.In the end,from the arrangement of the textbook,this paper analyzes its value on moral education of Confucianism.