上古汉语“今”的语法化——兼驳“今”用作“假设连词”说

The Grammaticalization of “jin”(今) in Ancient Chinese ——Also Refuting “jin”(今) Used as Hypothetical Conjunction

本文依托已有的类型学研究,基于上古语料,分析时间词“今”的语法化路径。认为“今”表现为时间副词用法时,可以由现在时标记演化为将来时标记,并分析了诱发时间词“今”语法化的句法环境和内部机制。此外还从句法和语义两方面论证了“今”的“假设连词”用法实际是假设句逻辑意义的附会。

Based on the existing typological research,this paper analyzes the grammaticalization path of the time word“jin”(今)based on the ancient corpus.When“jin”(今)is expressed as the use of time adverbs,it can be evolved from the present mark to the future mark.And this paper analyzes the syntactic environment and internal mechanism that induce the grammaticalization of the time word“jin”(今).In addition,it also demonstrates from syntactic and semantic aspects that the use of hypothetical conjunctions of“jin”(今)is actually an attachment of the logical meaning of hypothetical sentences.