再论“没办法”的话语标记功能

Further Discussion on the Discourse Marking Functions of “mei ban fa(没办法)”

“没办法”在当代汉语中既有概念功能,也有语篇功能和人际功能,本文将这三种功能分别标记为“没办法1”“没办法2”和“没办法3”,后两种功能的“没办法”统称为话语标记。本文重点讨论了“没办法2”和“没办法3”,“没办法2”还是一个有着概念意义的话语标记,“没办法3”语义虚化,用于表示说话人的主观评价。“没办法”的这三种功能是历时演变的结果。

In contemporary Chinese,“mei ban fa(没办法)”has not only conceptual function,but also has discourse function and interpersonal function.This paper marks these three functions as“mei ban fa1(没办法1)”,“mei ban fa2(没办法2)”and“mei ban fa3(没办法3)”respectively.The latter two functions are collectively called discourse markers.This paper focuses on the discussion of“mei ban fa2(没办法2)”and“mei ban fa3(没办法3)”.“mei ban fa2(没办法2)”is still a discourse marker with conceptual meaning,and“mei ban fa3(没办法3)”is a semantic bleach used to express the speaker’s subjective evaluation.These three functions of“mei ban fa(没办法)”are the result of diachronic evolution.