新型四环素类抗生素omadacycline的研究进展

Research progress in omadacycline,a novel tetracycline antibiotic

Omadacycline是一种新型四环素类抗生素,有静脉和口服两种剂型。Omadacycline具有广谱、高效等特点,能抵抗细菌因药物外排和核糖体保护机制产生的耐药,对多种病原体有效,如耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)、耐万古霉素肠球菌(VRE)、耐药肺炎链球菌、产超广谱β-内酰胺酶革兰阴性菌、厌氧菌、非典型病原体等。Omadacycline目前已被批准用于成人急性细菌性皮肤软组织感染以及社区获得性细菌性肺炎的治疗,也可用于治疗非复杂性的尿路感染。本文对omadacycline的化学结构、药理作用、体外抗菌活性、药代动力学、临床研究、药物安全性及耐受性等方面进行综述。

Omadacycline is a novel tetracycline antibiotic,with intravenous and oral formulations.It has a broad-spectrum and high efficiency,and is resistant to bacterial resistance due to drug efflux and ribosome protection mechanisms,with potent activity against various pathogens,such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA),vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus(VRE),drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae,extended-spectrum beta-lactamase(ESBL)-producing gram-negative bacteria,anaerobes,and atypical pathogens.Omadacycline is currently approved for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and soft tissue infection as well as community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in adults,it can also be used to treat uncomplicated urinary tract infection.This paper summarized the chemical structure,pharmacological effect,in vitro antibacterial activity,pharmacokinetics,clinical study,safety,and tolerability of omadacycline.