海南省东方市优质水稻品种评比与筛选

Evaluation and Screening of High Quality Rice Varieties in Dongfang City, Hainan Province

为了筛选出适宜海南东方本地区种植的水稻新品种,引进12个优质水稻品种(组合),从株型、生育期、产量及产量构成等指标进行科学评价。结果表明:各水稻品种的生育期都在120~150 d,其中特优131和赣优157的生育期较长,特优3301生育期最短,比对照特优5511短30 d;水稻品种Ⅱ优1268、赣优157、特优3301产量较高,其中赣优157产量最高,实测产量增幅最大,达10.3%,特优3301与其他品种相比实测产量增产幅度也较大,达7.5%;T优551的整精米率达到最大值,比两优1303高44.6%,直链淀粉含量也明显高于其他水稻品种;主成分分析得到影响产量和品质共4个主要指标得分,其中特优3301、特优1366和赣优157在产量较为突出,而从水稻的品质因子可看出特优131、特优3301、T优551品质较佳,综合得分特优3301最高,为1.07。综上所述,特优3301无论是在产量还是在品质方面变现较好,适宜在海南省东方市种植及推广。

In order to select new rice(Oryza sativa L)varieties suitable for planting in the Dongfang region of Hainan,12 high-quality rice varieties(combinations)were introduced and evaluated in terms of plant type,growth period,yield and yield components.The results show that the growth period of the rice varieties ranged from 120 days to 150 days.The rice varieties Teyou 131 and Ganyou 157 was longer in growth period,and Teyou 3301 was the shortest,30 days shorter than that of the control Teyou 5511.The rice varieties II You 1268,Ganyou 157 and Teyou 3301 yield higher,of which Ganyou 157 yielded the highest,with the highest actual yield increment of 10.3%,and Teyou 3301 had an higher actual yield increment(upto 7.5%)than other rice varieties.Teyou 551 had the highest head rice rate,44.6%higher than Liangyou 1303,and its amylose rate was also significantly higher than that of other rice varieties.Principal component analysis showed that there were four main indexes affecting yield and quality,based on which Teyou 3301,Teyou 1366 and Ganyou 157 were more prominent in yield,while Teyou 131,Teyou 3301 and T You 551 were better in quality,but Teyou 3301 was the highest in the comprehensive score,which was1.07.This indicated that Teyou 3301 was suitable for planting and popularizing in Dongfang City,Hainan Province,because it was high in both yield and quality.