医疗人工智能应用中的伦理困境及对策研究

Ethical Dilemma and Countermeasures in the Application of Medical Artificial Intelligence

随着人工智能在医疗领域的深入应用,在促进医学发展的同时,也带来了一些伦理困境。基于医疗人工智能的概念及应用现状,从医疗共情难以实现、保密问题仍存风险、责任认定不清晰和算法歧视四个方面探讨了人工智能技术给医疗领域带来的伦理困境。尝试提出了加强患者的隐私保护、构建以人为主体的“人-机共同体”、建立医疗人工智能监管机构、对算法研发人员进行伦理规范和立法四个对策建议,以此来解决医疗领域人工智能技术发展过程中出现的伦理困境。

With the in-depth application of artificial intelligence in the medical field,it not only promotes the development of medicine,but also brings some ethical dilemmas.This paper first briefly introduces the concept and application status of medical artificial intelligence,and then discusses the ethical dilemmas brought by artificial intelligence technology in the medical field from four aspects,including difficult realization of medical empathy,risks of confidentiality,unclear responsibility identification and algorithm discrimination.Finally,this paper puts forward four countermeasures and suggestions,such as strengthening the protection of patient privacy,building a"human-machine community"with human as major body,establishing medical artificial intelligence regulatory agency,and carrying out ethical norms and legislation for algorithm developers,so as to solve the ethical dilemmas in the development of artificial intelligence technology in the medical field.