兔脑出血模型研究进展

Research progress on rabbit model of cerebral hemorrhage

兔与灵长类动物具有相似的进化历史,具有与人类相似的脑血管形态特征,并且易于定位基底神经区域,成功率高,长期死亡率低,故被视为制作脑出血模型较为理想的动物。目前兔脑出血模型制作主要有以下几种方法:①自体血注入脑出血模型;②胶原酶诱导脑出血模型;③创伤脑出血模型;④刺破大脑中动脉所致脑出血模型。该模型制作成功与否可通过以下方面评估,如:行为学、大体解剖、影像学、病理学等方面;而制作成功的模型可用来研究脑出血的病理生理机制、早期诊断方法、探索新的治疗方式等。本文主要对兔脑出血模型进行综述。

Rabbits have similar evolutionary history to primates,similar cerebral vascular morphological features to humans,and easily localized basal ganglia. Moreover,as their success rates for cerebral hemorrhage modeling are high,while long-term mortality is low,rabbits are considered to be an ideal research model of cerebral hemorrhage. At present,there are several method for inducing a rabbit cerebral hemorrhage model: ① autologous blood injection,② collagenase induction,③ trauma,and ④ caused by puncturing middle cerebral artery. Whether the model has been successfully established can be assessed through the following aspects: behavioral analysis,gross anatomy,imaging,pathology,and so on. And the successfully established models can be used to study the pathophysiological mechanisms of cerebral hemorrhage and early diagnosis method,and to explore new treatment method,etc. This article mainly reviews the rabbit model of cerebral hemorrhage.