工厂化生产海鲜菇菌包污染霉菌的鉴定及防治

Identification of Molds from Medium Pack Pollution of Hypsizygus marmoreus and Control in Factory Cultivation

对工厂化生产中海鲜菇菌包污染霉菌进行分离,根据霉菌的形态特征、培养性状及ITS序列分析,鉴定其为哈茨木霉、拟康氏木霉、脉孢霉、长枝木霉、黑曲霉、产红青霉和产黄青霉;在此基础上探讨了常用抑菌剂对霉菌的防治效果及对海鲜菇菌丝生长的影响。结果表明,质量浓度100 mg/L克霉灵对哈茨木霉、黑曲霉、产红青霉、产黄青霉、拟康氏木霉有强抑制作用,质量浓度100 mg/L多菌灵对长枝木霉、产红青霉、产黄青霉、拟康氏木霉有强抑制作用,二者对海鲜菇菌丝生长的抑制都比较弱。可为海鲜菇工厂化生产中污染霉菌的综合防治提供参考。

Several mold strains isolated from disease-affected medium pack of Hypsizygus marmoreus grown in factory cultivation were identified as Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma pseudokoningii, Neurospora sitophila, Trichoderma longibrachiatum, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium rubrum, and Penicillium chrysogenum on the basis of morphological and culture characteristics and ITS gene sequence analysis. Based on these, the prevention and treatment of pathogens by different fungicides and effect of fungicides on the growth of H. marmoreus mycelium were investigated. The results showed that ketorin and carbendazim had the best inhibitory effect on pathogenic fungi. The inhibition against T. harzianum, A. niger, P. rubrum, P. chrysogenum, and T. pseudoknoingii by kemodulin were best at 100 mg/L. The inhibition against T. longibrachiatum, P. rubrum, P. chrysogenum, and T. pseudoknoingii were best by carbendazim at 100 mg/L. And the inhibition of two kinds of fungicides against H. marmoreus mycelial growth was relatively weak. The results provided references for the prevention and control of the mold diseases during H. marmoreus factory cultivation.