废旧三元锂离子电池热解工艺研究

Study on the recycle of the spent ternary Li-ion battery by the pyrometallurgical process

本文研究了废旧三元锂离子电池在500~650℃、空气条件下热解过程中的反应机理。使用软件Factsage对电池热解过程中的热力学进行计算,利用X射线衍射分析、电感耦合等离子体光谱仪、电子探针等设备分析热解产物的主要物相组成及其微观形貌。通过球磨、筛分、真空抽滤等过程回收热解产物中的铜片和铝片,并得到了富含Li、Ni、Co、Mn等有价金属元素的黑色粉末。该黑色粉末可采用湿法冶金进一步提取有价金属,经济效益显著。

The spent ternary Li-ion batteries were pyrolyzed at 500 ~650 ℃ in the air atmosphere.The reaction thermodynamics of this process were calculated by Factsage.The phase composition and micromorphology of the pyrolysis products were investigated by X-ray diffraction,inductively coupled plasma spectrometer and electron probe analysis.The copper,aluminum and black powders were recovered from the pyrolysis products through ball grinding,sieving and vacuum extraction.The black powders were rich in Li,Ni,Co and Mn,which could be further used for the extraction of valuable metals by hydrometallurgy.The black powder can be further extracted valuable metal by hydrometallurgy,and the economic benefit is remarkable.