雅鲁藏布江中部流域“戎巴”的生计方式及其变迁

Livelihood and Changes of “Rongba” in the Central Yarlung Zangbo River Basin

雅鲁藏布江中部流域"戎巴"的传统生计方式深受其原有土地制度、社会等级和骨系观念的影响,其内部可分为一般职业群体、宗教职业群体和"贱业"群体三个部分。西藏民主改革后,戎巴的生计方式从传统的"亦农亦牧、工商并存"转变为新时期的"农多牧少,工商分离",引起上述生计方式变迁的动因主要在于外部社会经济环境转型的推动和戎巴内部的理性适应。

The traditional means of livelihood of"Rongba"in the central Yarlung Zangbo River basin are deeply influenced by its original land system,social class and bone system concept. Its interior can be divided into three parts: general occupation group,religious occupation group and"inferior occupation"group. After the democratic reform in Tibet,Rongba’s means of living changed from the traditional "farming and animal husbandry coexisting with industry and commerce"to the new era of"farming more and animal husbandry less,industry and commerce separated";The above-mentioned changes in livelihood modes are mainly driven by the transformation of the external social and economic environment and rational adaptation within Rongba.