高速铁路对城市经济发展影响研究

A Study on the Influence of High-Speed Railway on Urban Economic Development

为探究高速铁路的开通对于经济增长、产业结构调整以及城乡经济一体化发展的影响,选取我国地级以上城市2007-2016年10年的面板数据,运用DID方法评估高速铁路对城市经济发展的影响。结果显示,从整体上看,高速铁路能促进城市经济增长,优化城市产业结构并扩大城乡居民收入差距,但是这一收入差距扩大作用并不显著;从动态效应上看,高速铁路的以上作用均存在一定的时间滞后性;从地理区位异质性来看,高速铁路能同时显著促进东部、中部和西部城市的经济增长,显著改善西部城市的产业结构;从城市发展差异来看,高速铁路还会扩大东部城市城乡收入差距,而对中部和西部城市的城乡收入差距缩小效应并不显著。

To explore the impact of the opening of high-speed railway on economic growth, industrial structure adjustment and urban-rural economic integration development, this article chooses the panel data from year 2007 to year 2016 and uses the DID method to evaluate the impacts of high-speed railway on urban economic development. The result shows that, on the whole, high-speed railway can achieve the perfect improvement by promoting economic growth and optimizing urban industrial structure, and it can also widen the urban-rural income inequality, which isn’t noticeable. When taking the dynamic effect into consideration, the effects on the economic development coming from high-speed railway have time lag effect. When testing from the perspective of regional heterogeneity, high-speed railway can significantly promote the economic growth of eastern, central and western cities, it can also help accelerate the optimization and upgrading of the industry noticeably in the western regions;from the perspective of urban development differences, high-speed way can widen the income gap in the eastern region;for middle and western regions, this effect isn’t as remarkable as in the eastern area.