麦洼牦牛UCP基因多态性及其与生长性状的遗传效应分析

Analysis of UCP gene polymorphism and its genetic effects associated with growth traits in Maiwa yak

为了探讨麦洼牦牛UCP2和UCP3基因多态性及其与生长性状的相关性,为牦牛育种工作中遗传标记的辅助选择提供数据参考,试验以97头麦洼牦牛为研究对象,采用直接测序法获得UCP2基因第1,2,3,4外显子及部分内含子和UCP3基因第3,6外显子及部分内含子序列,比对获得多态位点,研究其遗传多态性与麦洼牦牛生长性状间的关联性。结果表明:UCP2基因第4外显子检测到1个多态位点(T1499C),第4内含子检测到2个多态位点(A1766G、C1925T);UCP3基因第6外显子检测到1个多态位点(T13190C)。4个突变位点在麦洼牦牛粉嘴和纯黑类群中均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05);4个多态位点均表现为低度多态[多态信息含量(PIC)<0.25]。UCP2基因T1499C位点CT基因型个体体重均值显著高于TT型(P<0.05)。说明麦洼牦牛UCP2和UCP3基因存在多态性,其中UCP2基因T1499C位点可作为麦洼牦牛生长发育性状遗传育种辅助选择的分子标记。

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between UCP2 or UCP3 genes polymorphisms and growth traits of Maiwa yak and provide data for yak genetic marker selection.In this study,97 Maiwa yak were used as the research object,and the exons 1,2,3,4 and partial introns of UCP2,the exons 3,6 and partial introns of UCP3 were obtained by direct sequencing,and SNPs were obtained by comparison to determine its genetic polymorphism,and the correlation between different genotypes and growth traits of Maiwa yak.The results showed that one polymorphic locus(T1499C)was detected in exon 4,and two polymorphic loci(A1766G,C1925T)were detected in fourth intron of UCP2 gene.One polymorphic locus(T13190C)was detected in exon 6 of UCP3 gene.The four mutations were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the pinklip and pure black group(P>0.05).The four polymorphic locis were characterized as low polymorphism(PIC<0.25).The body weight of CT genotype of UCP 2 gene T1499C locus was significantly higher than TT type(P<0.05).It indicates that the UCP2 and UCP3 genes are polymorphisms,and the T1499C site of UCP2 gene can be used as the molecular marker for genetic selection of the growth and development traits of the Maiwa Yak.