生物多样性理论逻辑下特色小镇差异化发展路径研究——以云贵川地区为例

Differential Development Path of Culture-specific Towns in the Perspective of the Logic of Biodiversity Theory:A Case Study of Yunnan Province,Guizhou Province and Sichuan Province

特色小镇差异化发展与生物多样性的理论逻辑极为相似,资源禀赋的“基因”差异性、小镇类型的个体差异性、外部环境的差异性是决定特色小镇差异化发展的核心因素。因此,建立资源禀赋“基因库”、防止“基因”不良变异、保持小镇类型的稳定性、根据外部环境进行布局是特色小镇差异化发展的实现路径。云贵川地区特色小镇的资源禀赋异常丰富,小镇类型以旅游文创类为主;自然环境条件复杂而多元,小镇以山地型和丘陵型为主;限制开发和生态保护是其主要的外部经济环境,工业类特色小镇很少。基于此,提出如下发展路径:一是找准资源禀赋中的“优势基因”“以点带面”走差异化道路;二是区分工业园区与特色小镇的发展定位,“恰到好处”借产业园之力;三是跳出“传统”与“新兴”的产业界限思维,“另辟蹊径”破产业链困局;四是厘清特色小镇“宜业”与“宜居”辩证关系,“不拘一格”显个性化之美。

The theoretical logic of differential development of culture-specific towns is very similar to that of biodiversity.The gene-related difference of resource endowment,the individual differences and the difference of external environments are the core factors of determining the differential development of culture-specific towns.Therefore,it is very important to establish a“gene bank”,prevent gene mutation,and maintain the culture-specific stability and layout according to the external environment.Yunnan province,Guizhou province and Sichuan province are rich in culture-specific towns which rely mainly on cultural tourism;such towns are located mostly in mountains or hills with various geographic conditions;the restriction of industrial development and ecological protection are the main features for external exploitation;there are few towns that have traditional industry.Accordingly,the paper puts forward four suggestions:firstly,we should identify the dominant gene in the resources and take the differentiated road by setting up good examples;secondly,we should distinguish the development orientation of industrial parks and culture-specific towns,and take advantage of industrial parks;third,it is necessary to break the stifling thinking model about the division between the“traditional”industry and the“new”industry,and find new approaches to solving the dilemma of the industrial chain;fourth,it is a must to clarify the dialectical relationship between“employment”and“livability”in culture-specific towns with their own beauty secrets.